Area Total | 1,861,484 sq km |
Climate | hot and dry; arid desert; rainy season varies by region (April to November) |
Natural Resources | petroleum; small reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold; hydropower |
Imports | UAE 12.7%, Egypt 10.6%, India 10.5%, Turkey 10.2%, Japan 7.6%, Saudi Arabia 6%, Germany 4.6% (2017) – foodstuffs, manufactured goods, refinery and transport equipment, medicines, chemicals, textiles, wheat |
Government | presidential republic |
Capital | Khartoum |
Population | 43,120,843 (July 2018 est.) |
Ethnicity | Sudanese Arab (approximately 70%), Fur, Beja, Nuba, Fallata |
Language | Arabic (official), English (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, Fur |
Exports | UAE 55.5%, Egypt 14.7%, Saudi Arabia 8.8% (2017) – gold; oil and petroleum products; cotton, sesame, livestock, peanuts, gum Arabic, sugar |
News about Sudan
- Sudanese army says downed three drones targeting Merowe airportby umajulius on April 27, 2024
April 26, 2024 (KHARTOUM) – The Sudanese army announced on Saturday that it had shot down three drones that attempted to target Merowe Airport in the northern state. This attack comes 48 hours after the army reported engaging reconnaissance drones in the Umm Bakul area near Meroe and thwarting their mission. A statement issued by the Guidance and Services […]
- Sudan: Army airstrikes target RSF, civilians reported killedby umajulius on April 27, 2024
April 26, 2024 (EL FASHER) – Sudanese military aircraft conducted airstrikes on Friday targeting positions held by the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in several locations, sparking reports of civilian casualties. Local sources informed Sudan Tribune that warplanes bombed RSF sites east of El Fasher, the capital of North Darfur, as well as Mellit, a town […]
- Khartoum says South Sudan will resume oil exports in two monthsby umajulius on April 26, 2024
April 26, 2024 (JUBA) – Sudan on Friday said export of South Sudan’s crude oil using the Jabalyn pipeline through Port Sudan will resume in two months. The Vice President of the Transitional Sovereign Council of Sudan, Malik Agar said major efforts were being made to resume oil exports. “Transportation of South Sudan crude oil via the Jabalyn-Port […]
- Scourge of sexual violence in Sudan demands urgent response: UNby umajulius on April 26, 2024
April 25, 2024 (KHARTOUM) – Civilians in Sudan must be protected and never be subjected to acts of sexual violence, which constitute war crimes, top United Nations officials said ahead of a meeting of the Security Council this week. This is contained in a joint statement by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in […]
- South Sudan’s Kiir sacks Foreign Affairs ministerby umajulius on April 26, 2024
April 25, 2024 (JUBA) – South Sudan President Salva Kiir has sacked Foreign Affairs minister James Pitia Morgan, naming him envoy to the Great Lakes region. Appointed in August 2013, Morgan was South Sudan’s ambassador to Ethiopia. Kiir, in a decree read on the state-owned television (SSBC) on Thursday, named Ramadan Abdala Goc as the new replacement […]
- Darfur on the brink of genocide as RSF launches full-scale attack on El Fasherby SudanTribune on April 26, 2024
April 26, 2024 (EL FASHER) – Sudanese and international experts are sounding the alarm about a potential massacre in El Fasher, Darfur, as paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) launched a full-scale attack on the city, the last government stronghold in the region. El Fasher is the only remaining area in Darfur that the RSF does not completely control. […]
- Power outages causing deaths among kidney patients in Khartoum: medicsby umajulius on April 26, 2024
April 15, 2024 (KHARTOUM) – An emergency room in the area east of the Sudanese capital, Khartoum has expressed fears over the increasing deaths among kidney patients due to lack of medications and power outages. Medical professional on Thursday said six kidney patients had died as a result of lack of water and high fuel prices to operate dialysis machines […]
- Sudan rejects U.S. criticism of military, demands RSF condemnationby SudanTribune on April 26, 2024
April 25, 2024 (PORT SUDAN) – The Sudanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs fired back on Thursday against U.S. criticism of the Sudanese military. The Ministry condemned what it called the U.S’s “unequal treatment” of the situation in Darfur. On Wednesday, U.S. State Department spokesperson Matthew Miller denounced the Sudanese military’s alleged […]
- Overwhelmed Gedaref seeks UNHCR help to house displaced as rains approachby SudanTribune on April 26, 2024
April 25, 2024 (GEDAREF) – Fearing the upcoming rainy season, Gedaref Governor, retired Major General Ahmed Mohamed Hassan, pleaded with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) to fund alternative housing for the tens of thousands of displaced people and refugees residing in the state. Gedaref already hosts over 100,000 Ethiopian […]
- Sudanese army says it thwarted RSF drone activity near Meroeby SudanTribune on April 26, 2024
April 25, 2024 (MEROE) – The Sudanese army asserted on Thursday that its ground-based air defences successfully repelled a drone reconnaissance mission conducted by the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) near Meroe City in Sudan’s Northern State. A statement issued by the 19th Infantry Division, stationed in Meroe, detailed that three small reconnaissance […]
- Sudan had largest number of people facing extreme food shortages in 2023, UN report showsby Kaamil Ahmed and Sarah Johnson on April 24, 2024
The African country accounted for two-thirds of the additional 13.5m people needing urgent help as displacement drove food insecurity globallySudan had the world’s largest number of people facing extreme food shortages in 2023 as conflict and displacement drove food insecurity globally, according to the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO).The […]
- Sudan’s forgotten war - podcastby Presented by Helen Pidd with Nesrine Malik; produced by Eli Block and Rudi Zygadlo; executive producer Phil Maynard on April 23, 2024
While conflicts in Gaza and Ukraine have captured global attention, the civil war in Sudan has been largely ignored. That can’t be allowed to continue, says the Guardian’s Nesrine MalikWith so much of the world’s attention on the wars in Gaza and Ukraine, one of the worst humanitarian crises of recent times is playing out almost unnoticed. Sudan’s […]
- We cannot turn our backs on the tragedy unfolding in Sudanby Guardian Staff on April 21, 2024
Readers respond to Nesrine Malik’s article about the civil war tearing the country apartRe Nesrine Malik’s article (For a full year, the bodies have piled up in Sudan – and still the world looks away, 15 April), in 2002 I was the chief of staff to the joint monitoring mission (JMM) in Sudan’s Nuba mountains, in South Kordofan. The JMM was charged […]
- Israel destroyed 4,000 embryos by bombing an IVF centre in Gaza | Arwa Mahdawiby Arwa Mahdawi on April 20, 2024
The anti-abortion crowd who believe embryos are ‘extrauterine children’ have been weirdly silent about the strikeIf you, or someone you love, has ever had fertility issues, you will know just how heavy an emotional toll they can take. IVF, in particular, is not easy. You have to inject yourself with hormones. Then you undergo anaesthesia and have an […]
- Sudan’s Hotel Rwanda: the man who saved scores of people during Darfur violenceby Zeinab Mohammed Salih in Geneina on April 20, 2024
As militias targeted the Masalit community in a wave of ethnic violence, one man offered shelter and an escape route across the borderEvery night, for weeks at a time last year, Saad al-Mukhtar put a small group of people in the back of his sports utility vehicle and drove them under the cover of darkness from his home in the Sudanese city of Geneina across […]
- Increasing number of villages torched across Sudan shows conflict is intensifying - reportby Mark Townsend on April 17, 2024
Satellite data indicates growing number of airstrikes on settlements, in a war that has already killed thousandsThe number of villages in Sudan that have been destroyed or severely damaged by fire has risen sharply in recent weeks, suggesting the country’s conflict is intensifying as it enters its second year.Satellite data revealed the number of Sudanese […]
- Europe: Sudan war ‘world’s worst child displacement crisis,’ Paris conference told – as it happenedby Lili Bayer on April 15, 2024
Annalena Baerbock, the German foreign minister, says ‘every life counts equally, whether in Ukraine, in Gaza, or in Sudan’The UN high commissioner for human rights, Volker Türk, has warned of a further escalation in violence in Sudan.“The Sudanese people have been subjected to untold suffering during the conflict which has been marked by […]
- What caused the civil war in Sudan and how has it become one of the world’s worst humanitarian crises?by Guardian reporting team on April 15, 2024
Fighting broke out a year ago in the capital Khartoum, in an escalating power struggle that has led to more than 8 million people being displaced‘Here, there is no future’: ethnic cleansing and fresh atrocities drive exodus of thousands from DarfurFighting broke out in Khartoum, Sudan’s capital, on 15 April 2023 as an escalating power struggle between […]
- Inside South Sudan’s worsening refugee crisis – in picturesby Words and photographs by Peter Caton for Plan International and Relief International on April 15, 2024
As the war in Sudan moves into its second year, 1,000 refugees a day continue to cross its southern border. Within the small town of Renk in South Sudan, a rapidly growing refugee population faces desperate shortages of water, food and shelter. For many, South Sudan marks a return to a land they thought they had left behind, having fled the country after […]
- UK Foreign Office holding secret talks with Sudan’s RSF paramilitary groupby Mark Townsend on April 15, 2024
Exclusive: Rights groups denounce negotiations with Rapid Support Forces, accused of ethnic cleansing and war crimesInside South Sudan’s worsening refugee crisis – in picturesForeign Office officials are holding secret talks with the paramilitary group that has been waging a campaign of ethnic cleansing in Sudan for the past year.News that the British […]
- For a full year, the bodies have piled up in Sudan – and still the world looks away | Nesrine Malikby Nesrine Malik on April 15, 2024
In the country of my birth, this latest conflict is two tragedies overlaid. Its people are strong, but none of us can see a way throughOne year ago today, Sudan descended into war. The toll so far is catastrophic. Thousands are dead, and millions are displaced, with hunger and disease ravaging all in the absence of aid. The UN has called the situation […]
- Sudanese refugees in Chad unable to access medical care for war injuriesby Zeinab Mohammed Salih in Adré on April 14, 2024
Some people in Ambelia camp waiting for treatment to wounds resulting from ethnic violence last yearHundreds of displaced Sudanese people living in a refugee camp across the border in Chad have been unable to access vital medical care for injuries sustained during fierce battles in the Sudanese city of Geneina in the past year.Some of those in the vast […]
- Sudan’s exodus: inside the 29 March Guardian Weeklyby Graham Snowdon on March 27, 2024
The victims of Africa’s forgotten war. Plus: After the Moscow attack, a cynical blame game beginsGet the Guardian Weekly magazine delivered to your home addressThis has been a week dominated by some pretty seismic global events – the Moscow terror attack, the UN security council ceasefire resolution on Gaza and the China cyber-hacking revelations to […]
- Libya to investigate claims oil smuggling is fuelling Sudan civil warby Patrick Wintour Diplomatic editor on March 25, 2024
Authorities to launch inquiry into allegations of mismanagement at country’s national oil corporationLibyan authorities have said they will investigate allegations of wholesale mismanagement in the country’s National Oil Corporation, with officials telling the Guardian rampant smuggling is helping to fuel the civil war in Sudan.Mohamed al-Menfi, the […]
- ‘Here, there is no future’: ethnic cleansing and fresh atrocities drive exodus of thousands from Darfurby Mark Townsend in Adré on March 22, 2024
Almost a year since conflict reignited in Sudan, its terrified people are crossing borders to Chad and beyond. An increasing number are trying to reach Europe as food supplies dwindle in the refugee camps and the eyes of the world look elsewhereThey burst into the room, yanking the boy from under a bed. His brown eyes wide open with terror, they put a gun […]
- Cholera now threatens 1bn people. It’s time to finish what we began in the 19th centuryby Hakainde Hichilema and Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus on March 21, 2024
With the disease raging in 23 countries and no vaccine stocks, Zambia and the WHO propose a way to stop the deathsIn the 1840s, a prominent health notion of the time – the “miasma theory” – suggested that bad smells and bad air led to people contracting diseases such as cholera and the Black Death. By the end of the decade, more than 50,000 deaths […]
- Darfur rape survivors gather together after ethnically targeted campaignby Zeinab Mohammed Salih in Geniena and Adré on March 14, 2024
Group on outskirts of Geneina share stories from November when RSF and allied militias unleashed wave of sexual violenceTwice a week, a group of women gather together in a nondescript house in Ardamata, on the outskirts of Geneina in Sudan’s West Darfur state, to tell their stories to each other, cry, and drink coffee.The women, who work or used to work […]
- Sudan’s war leaves deep scars in Geneina, a city of two massacresby Zeinab Mohammed Salih in Geneina on February 29, 2024
People in West Darfur’s capital still step over residue from the bodies of some of the 10,000 dead, and thousands have fledGeneina, the capital of West Darfur state in Sudan, can feel like two cities in one. There are mass graves, abandoned armoured vehicles and homeless children, but also newly opened restaurants, bustling markets and factory-fresh […]
- Monday briefing: Charting the forgotten crisis in Sudanby Archie Bland on February 26, 2024
In today’s newsletter: With tens of thousands dead, millions displaced and no sign of the war abating, a ‘deafening silence of global indifference’ threatens the country’s future• Sign up here for our daily newsletter, First EditionGood morning. “There is a certain kind of obscenity about the humanitarian world, which is the competition of […]
- The Guardian view on the gathering disaster in Sudan: a war that the world is ignoring | Editorialby Editorial on February 22, 2024
Millions are displaced and starving as two generals fight for power and other countries pursue their own interestsEven before a communications blackout hit Sudan two weeks ago, few were watching a war that has killed thousands of people and displaced more – almost 8 million – than any other current conflict. “It’s not a forgotten crisis. It’s a […]