Area Total | 1,861,484 sq km |
Climate | hot and dry; arid desert; rainy season varies by region (April to November) |
Natural Resources | petroleum; small reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold; hydropower |
Imports | UAE 12.7%, Egypt 10.6%, India 10.5%, Turkey 10.2%, Japan 7.6%, Saudi Arabia 6%, Germany 4.6% (2017) – foodstuffs, manufactured goods, refinery and transport equipment, medicines, chemicals, textiles, wheat |
Government | presidential republic |
Capital | Khartoum |
Population | 43,120,843 (July 2018 est.) |
Ethnicity | Sudanese Arab (approximately 70%), Fur, Beja, Nuba, Fallata |
Language | Arabic (official), English (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, Fur |
Exports | UAE 55.5%, Egypt 14.7%, Saudi Arabia 8.8% (2017) – gold; oil and petroleum products; cotton, sesame, livestock, peanuts, gum Arabic, sugar |
News about Sudan
- WHO says attack on Sudanese hospital killed more than 40 civiliansby Rachel Savage on June 24, 2025
Five health workers reportedly among the dead in West Kordofan as paramilitary RSF blames Sudanese militaryThe head of the World Health Organization has condemned an attack on a hospital in Sudan that he said had killed more than 40 civilians, as the country’s civil war, which has caused the world’s largest humanitarian crisis, rages on.The attack on […]
- Sudan, Remember Us review – vividness and vibrancy in intense account of Khartoum uprisingby Peter Bradshaw on June 24, 2025
Hind Meddeb’s documentary draws on her on-the-spot experience in 2019 as protesters rose against the 30-year rule of Omar al-BashirFranco-Tunisian-Moroccan film-maker Hind Meddeb is based in Paris but it was her on-the-spot experience in Khartoum in 2019 of the Sudanese uprising against the reactionary 30-year rule of president Omar al-Bashir which has […]
- Send in armed UN troops to protect aid convoys or risk ‘dystopia’, says expertby Mark Townsend on June 16, 2025
UN rapporteur calls for move as food deliveries are attacked and starvation becomes a weapon of war in Gaza and SudanUN peacekeepers should be routinely deployed to protect aid convoys from attack in places such as Gaza and Sudan, a senior United Nations expert has proposed.With starvation increasingly used as a weapon of war, Michael Fakhri said armed UN […]
- What unites countries under Trump’s travel ban is American imperialism | Heba Gowayedby Heba Gowayed on June 6, 2025
US’s cruel escalation of policy puts misplaced target on vulnerable nations such as Afghanistan and SudanThe list of countries banned by the Trump administration’s newest order seems to have no rhyme or reason. Little connects Afghanistan, Myanmar, Chad, the Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Haiti, Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan and Yemen, […]
- Venezuela says being in US is ‘great risk’ as countries respond to Trump travel banby Rebecca Ratcliffe and Helen Livingstone on June 5, 2025
Caracas describes US government as fascist, Somalia vows to address security and Iranian Americans express regretUS politics live – latest updatesVenezuela has hit back over the Trump administration’s travel ban by warning that the US is a dangerous place, while Somalia immediately vowed to work with Washington on security concerns.The mixed responses […]
- ‘Multiple casualties’ reported after attack on UN aid convoy in Darfurby Mark Townsend on June 3, 2025
Trucks carrying food for 2m people in famine-threatened El Fasher targeted in RSF-controlled Al Koma, western SudanA UN aid convoy carrying critical food supplies to a famine-threatened city in western Sudan has been targeted in an attack that killed five people and injured several others.Trucks belonging to the UN’s food and children’s agencies were […]
- Women and girls ‘not safe anywhere’ as Darfur suffers surge in sexual violenceby Kaamil Ahmed on May 31, 2025
Médecins Sans Frontières report sparks calls for Sudan’s warring parties to be held to account for rapes and attacks As Sudan’s Darfur region has been overrun by militias, women are facing the constant threat of sexual violence, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) has reported.The medical charity said in the South Darfur region alone its workers treated […]
- ‘They told me that they’d hunt me down’: journalists on how they survive working in war zonesby Kaamil Ahmed, Luke Taylor, Ammar Awad and Elizia Volkmann on May 27, 2025
With a record number of journalists killed over the past year, four reporters covering conflicts across the world reveal how they dodge death• ‘They threatened to bulldoze my house’: fear and violence stalk journalists in Modi’s IndiaStephen*, 39, is a journalist in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The war between the DRC’s army and the […]
- ‘I don’t want to be here. But we can’t go home’: what life is like for people forced to flee floods and fightingby Guardian Staff on May 23, 2025
Around the globe, conflict and the climate crisis have caused 83.4m people – a record number – to become refugees within their own countries. Three people from Bangladesh, Sudan and Colombia tell their storiesIn 2024, the number of internally displaced people around the world reached 83.4m, the highest figure ever recorded. Men, women, children, whole […]
- Attacks on healthcare in war zones in 2024 reach ‘new levels of horror’ – reportby Kat Lay Global health correspondent on May 19, 2025
Health facilities were destroyed and staff killed in record numbers in conflicts in Gaza, Lebanon, Ukraine, Myanmar and SudanLast year saw more than 3,600 attacks on health workers, hospitals and clinics in conflict zones, a record figure reflecting “new levels of horror”, a new report has found.The total is 15% higher than in 2023 and includes air, […]
- Almost 300m people at risk of death through starvation – reportby Mark Townsend on May 16, 2025
Aid cuts, conflict, climate and economic shocks contribute to sixth consecutive rise in numbers facing ‘high levels of food insecurity’Acute food insecurity continues to rise at an alarming rate, with almost 300 million people at risk of death through starvation, new analysis reveals.Escalating conflict and cuts to humanitarian aid along with climate […]
- Are we heading for another world war – or has it already started?by Patrick Wintour Diplomatic editor on May 10, 2025
The rules-based world order is in retreat and violence is on the rise, forcing countries to rethink their relationshipsIn a week in which former allies in a redividing globe separately commemorated the 80th anniversary of the end of the second world war, the sense of a runaway descent towards a third world war draws ever closer.The implosion of Pax […]
- Gleaming labs turned to rubble: scientists mourn the loss of decades of medical progress in Sudanby Diego Menjíbar Reynés on May 8, 2025
Universities and laboratories in Khartoum are looted or in ruins, with vital research and medicines destroyed, including pioneering work on tropical diseases“All that I did over 40 years has turned to ashes before my eyes,” says Prof Ahmed Fahal, of the destruction of his research centre in Sudan’s capital, Khartoum. His once-gleaming laboratory, […]
- Sudan to cut ties with United Arab Emirates over alleged RSF supportby Patrick Wintour Diplomatic editor on May 6, 2025
UAE insists it does not provide arms to paramilitary group as Sudanese ambassador recalledSudan’s security and defence council has declared that it will break diplomatic relations with the United Arab Emirates over its alleged backing of the paramilitary Sudanese Rapid Support Forces.During a televised speech on Tuesday, Sudan’s defence minister, Yassin […]
- Drone strikes hit Port Sudan airport and army base in third day of attacksby Agence France-Presse on May 6, 2025
Loud explosions reported at dawn and plumes of smoke as RSF targets Sudanese government’s seat of powerDrones have struck the airport and targeted an army base in Port Sudan, officials said, the third straight day the seat of power of the government, which is aligned with the Sudanese army, has come under attack.The country’s main fuel depot was hit on […]
- Sudan fails in attempt to make UAE accountable for acts of genocideby Patrick Wintour on May 5, 2025
Largely expected decision by international court of justice marks second diplomatic victory for Gulf stateAn attempt by Sudan’s government to make the United Arab Emirates legally accountable for acts of genocide in West Darfur has been rejected by the international court of justice after the judges voted by 14 to 2 to declare they had no jurisdiction. By […]
- Dossier of alleged Sudan war crimes handed to Metropolitan policeby Mark Townsend on May 5, 2025
Lawyers say evidence file outlines atrocities including torture and rape carried out by the Rapid Support Forces in the country’s brutal civil conflictScotland Yard has received a dossier of evidence documenting myriad alleged war crimes committed by a paramilitary group during the conflict in Sudan.Lawyers have submitted a 142-page file of evidence to […]
- The attack on Zamzam refugee camp and what it means for the Sudan war - podcastby Presented by Michael Safi with Kaamil Ahmed and Altahir Hashim; produced by Eli Block, Tom Glasser, and Ross Burns; executive producer Sami Kent on May 1, 2025
Guardian journalist Kaamil Ahmed reports on the devastating assault by the Rapid Support Forces on the camp in Darfur and what it tells us about the group’s plans in Sudan’s civil warZamzam, in Darfur, has been a place of refuge for decades. A sprawling camp in western Sudan, some have estimated that it houses up to 700,000 people – a place of […]
- Before and after: images by Sudan’s accidental war photographer show loss of everyday lifeby Faisal Ali on April 30, 2025
Mosab Abushama’s work is an attempt to spotlight what the destruction has meant for ordinary peopleWhen Mosab Abushama returned to his house in eastern Omdurman a year into the war in Sudan it was unrecognisable. Like the other buildings in his neighbourhood, the three-storey property he had shared with his extended family was pitted with bullet holes. […]
- ‘It was steer or they would kill me’: why Sudanese war refugees are filling prisons in Greeceby Katy Fallon and Giorgos Christides on April 28, 2025
Prosecutors are using harsh anti-smuggling laws to jail people who have no connection to criminal offences, say migrants’ lawyersFormer law student Samuel, 19, fled his home town of Geneina shortly after it was ransacked during one of the worst massacres of Sudan’s brutal civil war, which has killed tens of thousands and displaced more than 13 million […]