Area Total | 1,861,484 sq km |
Climate | hot and dry; arid desert; rainy season varies by region (April to November) |
Natural Resources | petroleum; small reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold; hydropower |
Imports | UAE 12.7%, Egypt 10.6%, India 10.5%, Turkey 10.2%, Japan 7.6%, Saudi Arabia 6%, Germany 4.6% (2017) – foodstuffs, manufactured goods, refinery and transport equipment, medicines, chemicals, textiles, wheat |
Government | presidential republic |
Capital | Khartoum |
Population | 43,120,843 (July 2018 est.) |
Ethnicity | Sudanese Arab (approximately 70%), Fur, Beja, Nuba, Fallata |
Language | Arabic (official), English (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, Fur |
Exports | UAE 55.5%, Egypt 14.7%, Saudi Arabia 8.8% (2017) – gold; oil and petroleum products; cotton, sesame, livestock, peanuts, gum Arabic, sugar |
News about Sudan
- Sudan conflict ‘like planning for the apocalypse’, say aid workersby Peter Beaumont and Zeinab Mohammed Salih in Omdurman on October 3, 2023
At least 5.4 million people have been displaced by the fierce fighting that broke out in the country in AprilHumanitarian officials say the widening conflict in Sudan has left them trying to “plan for the apocalypse” as aid supply lines are disrupted and more people are displaced both internally and across the country’s borders.At least 5.4 million […]
- The UN refugee convention works and is as necessary as ever | Letterby Guardian Staff on September 28, 2023
Leaders of charities and NGOs respond to Suella Braverman’s recent comments attacking the refugee convention in the USWar and persecution are driving record numbers of people, including women and girls, to flee their homes. Most remain in their home countries, like Sudan, or in already fragile neighbouring countries such as Pakistan and Lebanon. But it is […]
- ‘People have weapons, but it’s to celebrate!’ Jantra, the Sudanese keyboardist making wild party musicby Daniel Dylan Wray on September 26, 2023
In his first ever interview from wartorn Sudan, Jantra explains how he hacked hardware to create melodies that send dancers into a rapturous frenzyThe name of Sudanese keyboard player Jantra translates as “crazy”, and sure enough, his gigs are wild. “Sometimes a fight will happen and I have to take a break so everyone can calm down,” he says. “The […]
- If the UN charter means anything, the security council must intervene in Sudan | Adama Diengby Adama Dieng on September 21, 2023
As the warring country’s de facto leader attends the general assembly in New York, it’s an opportunity to exert pressureHearing the horror stories from Sudan, from refugees who have managed to escape or from some of the millions who have been forcibly displaced inside the country, one can only conclude that humanity is once again on trial. We are […]
- Skyscraper in Khartoum catches fires amid Sudan conflict – videoon September 18, 2023
Flames engulfed landmark buildings in Sudan's capital as fighting between the army and paramilitary forces entered its sixth month. Footage on social media showed a burning Greater Nile Petroleum Oil Company tower – a conical building with glass facades that had become an emblem of the city. Since the conflict erupted in April, nearly 7,500 people have […]
- Sudan conflict: Khartoum landmarks in flames as battles rage across countryby Agence France-Presse in Wad Madani on September 18, 2023
Fire engulfs Greater Nile Petroleum Oil Company tower amid clashes around army headquarters in capital while fighting also reported in city of El-ObeidFlames gripped the Sudanese capital on Sunday and paramilitary forces attacked the army headquarters for the second day in a row, witnesses reported, as fighting raged into its six month.“Clashes are now […]
- At least 40 civilians killed in airstrike on Khartoum market in Sudanby Reuters on September 10, 2023
Toll from army attack in the south of the capital is the largest in a single incident since war broke outAt least 40 civilians were killed and dozens injured in an airstrike by the army on a market in southern Khartoum, a local volunteer group has said, marking the largest single-incident death toll since the war in Sudan began in April.Air and artillery […]
- Humanitarian crisis as 5m displaced by civil war in Sudanby Peter Beaumont on September 6, 2023
IOM says half of country’s population now in need of aid and protection after months of violenceFive million people have been displaced by civil war in Sudan, which is facing a rapidly mounting humanitarian emergency after months of serious fighting between the military and a rival paramilitary force.The displacement figure, provided by the International […]
- Sudan war crime trial of former oil firm executives starts in Swedenby Miranda Bryant Nordic correspondent and Reuters in Stockholm on September 5, 2023
Prosecutors say ex-chair and CEO were complicit in atrocities by Sudanese army and militias, which both denyTwo former executives of a Swedish oil company have gone on trial in Stockholm, accused of complicity in war crimes in Sudan between 1999 and 2003 – charges they both deny.Ian Lundin, a Swede, and Alex Schneiter, a Swiss national, are accused of […]
- How I survived in Sudan: ‘We had one lightbulb. For two terrifying months, we gathered round it as battle raged’by Hadia M Hasaballa on September 5, 2023
When war broke out in April between two branches of Sudan’s armed forces, millions were trapped in the capital, Khartoum. In this vivid account, one woman tells of the ordealTwo months of extremes – anger and sorrow. We survived the noise of artillery, and woke to the sound of MiG, Antonov and Sukhoi planes. We learned how to differentiate between the […]
- Sudan: at least 25 civilians killed in weekend attacks on Khartoumby Agence France-Presse in Wad Madani on September 3, 2023
Airstrikes and artillery and rocket fire reported as clashes between armed forces and paramilitaries shows no sign of abatingTwenty-five civilians were killed in attacks in Khartoum over the weekend, as the violence showed no signs of abating after nearly five months of war.Five civilians died on Sunday when bombs that “fell on their homes” in the […]
- Women in Sudan facing a ‘tragedy’ of sexual violence as rape cases riseby Fred Harter on August 29, 2023
Reported cases are almost all by RSF paramilitaries and are just the tip of the iceberg, say campaign groupsSince Sudan’s conflict erupted in April, Sulima Ishaq has been working around the clock. As the head of the country’s Combating Violence against Women and Children unit, it is her job to document sexual violence. It has now become systematic.Ishaq […]
- Before Prigozhin’s death, Wagner was fighting on Russia’s behalf in Africa. What happens now? | Dino Mahtaniby Dino Mahtani on August 26, 2023
From securing resources to destabilising western influence, the mercenary group’s activities hang in the balanceThis week, before Yevgeny Prigozhin was reportedly killed, the founder of the mercenary group Wagner had appeared bullish in a self-styled publicity video, holding a rifle and dressed in desert camouflage. He was understood to be somewhere in […]
- Could reported death of Wagner chief push African leaders closer to Kremlin?by Jason Burke Africa correspondent on August 24, 2023
Smooth transition of mercenary group’s network and holdings in Africa may not be straightforward for MoscowRussia-Ukraine war – live updatesThe reported death of the founder and leader of the Wagner group in a plane crash in Russia could have huge consequences for a motley crew of regimes and warlords across Africa, but also for hundreds of millions of […]
- Civilians targeted in war-torn Khartoum as poor and elderly remain trappedby Zeinab Mohammed Salih in Khartoum on August 24, 2023
Latest atrocities in Sudan war include the shelling of house of traditional healer, who died with her children and neighboursPeople trapped in the Sudanese capital, Khartoum, and its twin city of Omdurman say civilians are being deliberately targeted in shelling by the warring parties.A woman who had been helping wounded soldiers was killed along with her […]
- The Guardian view on Darfur: not facing catastrophe, but in its midst | Editorialby Editorial on August 22, 2023
The war between Sudan’s two generals has sparked the resurgence of brutal ethnic violenceWhen fighting erupted in Khartoum four months ago, the immediate horror at its impact on civilians was shadowed by a still greater fear – that the conflict between two warring generals might swiftly spread through the rest of Sudan, causing still more suffering, […]
- War crimes being committed in Darfur, says UK minister Andrew Mitchellby Patrick Wintour Diplomatic Editor on August 22, 2023
Africa minister says civilian death toll horrific and UK is to send evidence to UNWar crimes and atrocities against civilians are being committed in Darfur, western Sudan, the UK’s Africa minister Andrew Mitchell said on Tuesday, becoming one of the first western officials to identify that the fighting in Sudan has developed into more than a power […]
- Remembering the coup in Chile and clashes in Haiti: human rights this fortnight – in picturesby Compiled by Eric Hilaire on August 21, 2023
Images of the struggle for human rights and freedoms around the world this week, from a women’s march for justice in Brazil to an attack on churches in Pakistan Continue reading...
- ‘All that we had is gone’: my lament for war-torn Khartoum – podcastby Written and read by Nesrine Malik. Produced by Nicola Alexandrou. The executive producer was Ellie Bury on August 21, 2023
Since Sudan’s capital was engulfed by violence in April, life there has been all but destroyed. As we tried to get family members to safety, the ruination of my former home became hard to fathom Continue reading...
- Thousands flee homes after rebel attack in southern Sudan cityby Zeinab Mohammed Salih in Khartoum on August 20, 2023
Families said to have run away with nothing as three forces fight in South Kordofan stateThousands of people have fled their homes in the capital of South Kordofan state in Sudan after an attack by the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement-North rebel group, one of three forces now fighting in the area.The SPLMN has been trying to capture the city from the […]