Area Total | 1,861,484 sq km |
Climate | hot and dry; arid desert; rainy season varies by region (April to November) |
Natural Resources | petroleum; small reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold; hydropower |
Imports | UAE 12.7%, Egypt 10.6%, India 10.5%, Turkey 10.2%, Japan 7.6%, Saudi Arabia 6%, Germany 4.6% (2017) – foodstuffs, manufactured goods, refinery and transport equipment, medicines, chemicals, textiles, wheat |
Government | presidential republic |
Capital | Khartoum |
Population | 43,120,843 (July 2018 est.) |
Ethnicity | Sudanese Arab (approximately 70%), Fur, Beja, Nuba, Fallata |
Language | Arabic (official), English (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, Fur |
Exports | UAE 55.5%, Egypt 14.7%, Saudi Arabia 8.8% (2017) – gold; oil and petroleum products; cotton, sesame, livestock, peanuts, gum Arabic, sugar |
News about Sudan
- ‘Every night we only hoped to survive’: Sudanese refugees’ search for safetyby Faisal Ali on November 21, 2024
Refugees who escaped Sudan’s civil war and fled to Ethiopia have found themselves on the run from another conflictAbdullah*, a Sudanese English teacher from Khartoum, had never imagined that fleeing one conflict would mean running straight into another.After escaping his country’s civil war and seeking refuge in Ethiopia, he found himself on the run […]
- As a Sudanese Australian, it is heartbreaking to see the devastating war in my homeland overlooked | Sara Sinadaby Sara Sinada on November 21, 2024
The plight of refugees from Sudan may not be dominating the headlines, but it is the largest displacement crisis in the worldGet our breaking news email, free app or daily news podcastLast month, the Australian government announced new visa pathways for displaced Palestinians from Gaza and Ukrainians, providing much-needed relief for communities facing […]
- RSF kills 10 in second day of attacks on Sudan’s Al Jazirah townby SudanTribune on November 20, 2024
November 20, 2024 (TEKINA) – At least ten people were killed on Wednesday when the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) attacked the town of Tekina in Al Jazirah state for a second consecutive day, residents and a local source said. The attack began on Tuesday when RSF fighters attempted to enter Tekina, which is home to around 180,000 people, including those […]
- Sudanese army gains ground in Khartoum, but war with RSF drags onby SudanTribune on November 20, 2024
November 20, 2024 (KHARTOUM) – The Sudanese army has shifted its tactics in the battle for the capital, manoeuvring to outflank the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in the city’s north. This new strategy follows a recent advance into the Al-Samrab neighbourhood of Khartoum Bahri, avoiding a risky direct assault on the RSF stronghold in the Shambat district. […]
- U.S. envoy pushes for Sudan ceasefire, aid accessby SudanTribune on November 20, 2024
November 20, 2024 (PORT SUDAN) – U.S. envoy Tom Perriello pressed Sudan’s army chief to implement an immediate ceasefire and allow humanitarian aid access during a rare visit to the country two days ago, diplomatic sources told Sudan Tribune on Wednesday. On Monday, Perriello met with General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, head of Sudan’s ruling Sovereign […]
- UAE warns of halting RSF support over El Fasher stalemateby SudanTribune on November 20, 2024
November 19, 2024 (N’DJAMENA) – The United Arab Emirates has warned the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) it may cut off support if the paramilitary group fails to seize control of El Fasher, the capital of North Darfur, a source close to the Chadian presidency told Sudan Tribune. Chad plays a key logistical and military support role for the RSF, allowing the […]
- Women, girls face widespread sexual violence in Al Jazirah conflictby SudanTribune on November 20, 2024
November 19, 2024 (AL JAZIRAH State) – Reports of rampant sexual violence against women and girls are emerging from Sudan’s Al Jazirah state, where ongoing conflict has displaced more than 135,000 people. Healthcare workers and counsellors are documenting horrific abuses, including the rape and sexual assault of females ranging in age from 6 to 60. The […]
- MSF steps up campaign against Malaria in South Sudanby umajulius on November 20, 2024
November 19, 2024 (TWIC) – Malaria remains a leading cause of illness and death among children in South Sudan, a country with a fragile health system and annually faces flooding as well as poverty. Despite the predictable recurrence of malaria peaks, immunization coverage remains inadequate, contributing to overcrowded health facilities and an unbroken […]
- New wave of displacement from El Fasher as fighting intensifiesby SudanTribune on November 19, 2024
November 19, 2024 (EL FASHER) – More than 3,000 people have fled El Fasher, the capital of North Darfur, amid escalating clashes between the army and its allies against the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), a spokesperson for the General Coordination of Displaced Persons and Refugee Camps in Darfur said on Tuesday. Adam Rajal said in a statement that around 642 […]
- Burhan rejects avorted UN resolution, says Sudan will not accept external solutionsby SudanTribune on November 19, 2024
November 19, 2024 (PORT SUDAN) – General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, Chairman of the Sovereign Council and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF), rejected the Russia-vetoed UN Security Council resolution on Sudan, stating that it failed to address the country’s core concerns. Speaking at the Economic Conference in Port Sudan, al-Burhan […]
- Burhan condemns NCP Shura Council meeting, warns against political movesby SudanTribune on November 19, 2024
November 19, 2024 (PORT SUDAN) – Sudan’s Sovereign Council head, Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, on Tuesday denounced efforts to convene the Shura Council of the dissolved National Congress Party (NCP) as “regrettable and unacceptable.” He warned against political actions undermining national unity and the ongoing war effort. At the opening of an economic […]
- Aid agencies warn of hunger in South Sudan as returnees flee Sudan warby umajulius on November 19, 2024
November 18, 2024 (JUBA) – A least 57 per cent of the population in South Sudan will be acutely food insecure through the 2025 lean season with returnees fleeing the war in Sudan and young children facing some of the highest levels of hunger and malnutrition, new food security data from aid agencies shows. The latest Integrated Food Security Phase […]
- ‘Shame on Putin’: David Lammy condemns Russia’s UN veto on Sudan ceasefire resolution – videoon November 18, 2024
Russia vetoed a UN security council resolution on Monday calling for an immediate end to hostilities in Sudan, where a war between two rival generals has been raging since April 2023. A draft of the resolution prepared by Britain and Sierra Leone had called on both sides to immediately cease hostilities and begin talks on a national ceasefire. The British […]
- X-rays show shrapnel and bullets buried in children caught in Sudan warby Kaamil Ahmed on November 18, 2024
Images released by MSF doctors highlight impact of conflict in the country, with medical supplies and aid unable to reach people due to fightingA series of X-rays showing a piece of shrapnel buried deep inside a 20-month-old girl’s head and a bullet embedded in an 18-month-old boy’s chest are among images released by medical charity Médecins Sans […]
- Women’s rights groups fear FGM is rife among Sudanese refugees in Chadby Zeinab Mohammed Salih in Adré on November 18, 2024
Practice banned in both countries but widespread among those displaced by Sudan’s civil war, say aid workersWomen’s rights campaigners have spoken of their concern over the spread of female genital mutilation among Sudanese refugees in camps across the border in Chad.Both countries have outlawed the practice but it continues in secret. The UN […]
- UK aid budget to Sudan set to double amid famine fearsby Mark Townsend on November 17, 2024
Starvation used as weapon in war-torn country facing humanitarian catastropheMinisters have announced a doubling of aid to Sudan in response to deepening concern that the country is heading towards a famine worse than the one witnessed in Ethiopia 40 years ago.Assistance worth £113m has been agreed for the war-torn state and neighbouring countries amid […]
- People in Sudan and Gaza are starving. The international community must act | Alex de Waalby Alex de Waal on November 15, 2024
Sudan is the largest food crisis and Gaza is the worst emergency by intensity of deprivation – both disasters need urgent actionI care about both Gaza and Sudan. It’s distasteful to compare extreme human suffering. But we can use the international metrics for famine to explain why each humanitarian crisis is uniquely terrible – and why people caught […]
- French military systems in Sudan may break UN arms embargo, says Amnestyby Kaamil Ahmed on November 14, 2024
Group says it has identified the Galix defence system on armoured vehicles imported from the UAE and calls for government to investigateFrance must investigate the use of its military systems by Sudan’s paramilitary forces, which could be in breach of an arms embargo, Amnesty International has said.The group said it had identified the French-made Galix […]
- ‘We have so much heart’ – Sudan aim to reach first World Cup despite civil warby John Duerden on November 13, 2024
Abdelrahman Kuku is part of a side that cannot play at home but wants to bring joy there“I am excited, everyone is excited, you have to be excited,” the Sudan international Abdelrahman Kuku says and that’s understandable. Sudan need a point against Niger on Thursday to qualify for the Africa Cup of Nations – for the fourth time in 24 tournaments – […]
- Harry Smith obituaryby Robert Morkot on November 7, 2024
Leading Egyptologist who began the process of reassessing the significance of early societies in Nubia and SudanWhen the Egyptian government under President Nasser decided to build the High Dam at Aswan in the 1950s, flooding lower Nubia and its archaeological sites, Unesco initiated an international campaign to save and relocate its monuments, including […]
- Fields aflame and a ruined school: the Ian Parry photojournalism grant 2024 – in picturesby Matt Fidler on November 5, 2024
A look at the work of the recipients of the 2024 Ian Parry photojournalism grant (IPPG), which supports young and emerging photographers. This year’s winner is Iva Sidash, from Ukraine. Ximena Borrazas received the Tom Stoddart award for excellence and the Gentex Corp personal safety award dedicated to ensuring the protection of aspiring photojournalists. […]
- ‘We will make you have Arab babies’: fears of genocide amid rape and torture in Sudan’s Darfurby Kaamil Ahmed on November 3, 2024
UN report indicates militia fighters are attempting to wipe out non-Arab ethnic groups in the regionMilitia fighters who raped and attacked minority groups in Darfur threatened to force them to have “Arab babies” and used ethnic slurs during their attacks, according to a new UN report.The details of the latest UN fact-finding mission report are […]
- When Trump says he’s going to ‘protect’ women, he means ‘control’ them | Arwa Mahdawiby Arwa Mahdawi on November 2, 2024
Rights we have taken for granted can, as we saw with the overturning of Roe v Wade, be suddenly yanked away“Hello, I’d like a line of credit, please.” Continue reading...
- Almost two dozen countries at high risk of acute hunger, UN report revealsby Carlos Mureithi East Africa correspondent on October 31, 2024
Sudan, South Sudan, Mali, Palestine and Haiti rated at level of highest concern in latest six-monthly analysisAcute food insecurity is expected to worsen in war-stricken Sudan and nearly two dozen other countries and territories in the next six months, largely as a result of conflict and violence, an analysis by the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization […]
- Sudan militia accused of mass killings and sexual violence as attacks escalateby Kaamil Ahmed on October 28, 2024
Experts fear reports of 124 dead in attack on villages south of Khartoum are significant underestimationSudanese militia have been accused of killings, sexual violence, looting and arson during eight days of attacks on villages south of Sudan’s capital, Khartoum.The UN said there were reports of “gross human rights abuses” linked to the Rapid Support […]
- Revealed: face of a Sudanese princess entombed in Egypt 2,500 years agoby Dalya Alberge on October 26, 2024
New exhibition shows how Perth museum traced Ta-Kr-Hb mummy’s origin to Kingdom of Kush – modern day SudanAn ancient Egyptian sarcophagus has been a prized object in Perth Museum since it was donated to the Scottish collection in 1936. Now the face of the woman mummified and buried inside it about 2,500 years ago has been brought to life in a dramatic […]
- Four in 10 deaths in war zones last year were women, UN report findsby Annie Kelly on October 23, 2024
UN Women says figure doubled in 2023 amid ‘blatant disregard’ of laws that left women and children unprotectedThe proportion of women killed in conflicts around the world doubled last year, with women now accounting for 40% of all those killed in war zones, according to a new report by the United Nations.The report from UN Women, which looks at the […]
- Breakdown in global order causing progress to stall in Africa – reportby Kaamil Ahmed on October 22, 2024
‘Moral threshold coming down,’ warns Mo Ibrahim, as his index of governance reveals widespread decline in 10 yearsThe global rise of populism and “strongmen” has led to an increase in authoritarianism in Africa that is holding back progress in governance, the businessman and philanthropist Mo Ibrahim has said.According to the latest edition of the […]
- The Guardian view on foreign powers in Sudan: struggling for advantage while civilians starve | Editorialby Editorial on October 21, 2024
The role of the United Arab Emirates in fuelling the war is under the spotlight. But other countries too are exacerbating the deadly conflictThe often denied but obvious involvement of foreign powers in Sudan’s deadly civil war is now firmly in the spotlight. Tens of thousands of people, including many civilians, have been killed since it began last […]
- Despair in Chad camps as violence and hunger in Sudan drive 25,000 across border in a weekby Zeinab Mohammed Salih in Adré and Farchana on October 21, 2024
Warning of ‘lost generation’ in Adré and Farchana camps as Sudan’s civil war drives huge numbers across borderWhat caused the civil war in Sudan and how has it become one of the world’s worst humanitarian crises?Refugees and aid agencies have warned of deteriorating conditions in overcrowded and severely underfunded camps in Chad, as intensifying […]