| Area Total | 3,287,263 sq km |
| Climate | varies from tropical monsoon in south to temperate in north |
| Natural Resources | coal (fourth-largest reserves in the world), antimony, iron ore, lead, manganese, mica, bauxite, rare earth elements, titanium ore, chromite, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum, limestone, arable land |
| Imports | China 16.3%, US 5.5%, UAE 5.2%, Saudi Arabia 4.8%, Switzerland 4.7% (2017) – crude oil, precious stones, machinery, chemicals, fertilizer, plastics, iron and steel |
| Exports | US 15.6%, UAE 10.2%, Hong Kong 4.9%, China 4.3% (2017) – petroleum products, precious stones, vehicles, machinery, iron and steel, chemicals, pharmaceutical products, cereals, apparel |
| Government | federal parliamentary republic |
| Capital | New Delhi |
| Population | 1,326,093,247 (July 2020 est.) |
| Ethnicity | Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000) |
| Language | Hindi 43.6%, Bengali 8%, Marathi 6.9%, Telugu 6.7%, Tamil 5.7%, Gujarati 4.6%, Urdu 4.2%, Kannada 3.6%, Odia 3.1%, Malayalam 2.9%, Punjabi 2.7%, Assamese 1.3%, Maithili 1.1%, other 5.6% (2011 est.) |
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by Ashish Shaji on October 31, 2025
